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Berlin Cathedral (left) and Berlin Palace (right), 1900 Hinein the 12th century the region came under German rule as part of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, founded by Albert the Bear in 1157. Early evidence of middle age settlements rein the area of today's Berlin are remnants of a house foundation dated 1270 to 1290, found hinein excavations in Berlin Mitte.[30] The first written records of towns rein the area of present-day Berlin date from the late 12th century.
The Gendarmenmarkt is a neoclassical square hinein Berlin, the name of which derives from the headquarters of the famous Gens d'armes regiment located here rein the 18th century.
The annual Berlin Marathonlauf – a course that holds the most top-10 world record runs – and the ISTAF are well-established athletic events in the city.[282] The Mellowpark rein Köpenick is one of the biggest skate and BMX parks in Europe.
National and international migration into the city has a long history. Hinein 1685, after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in France, the city responded with the Edict of Potsdam, which guaranteed religious freedom and tax-free Konstitution to French Huguenot refugees for ten years.
The Industrial Revolution transformed Berlin during the 19th century; the city's economy and Fortpflanzungsgemeinschaft expanded dramatically, and it became the main railway hub and economic center of Germany. Additional suburbs soon developed and increased the area and population of Berlin.
The Berlinale is the world's largest international spectator Vergütung festival. Berlin's nightlife has been celebrated as one of the most allerlei and vibrant of its kind.[244][245] In the 1970s and 80s, the SO36 in Kreuzberg was a center for punk music and culture. The SOUND and the Dschungel gained notoriety. Throughout the 1990s, people rein their 20s from all over the world, particularly those in Wildwestfilm and Central Europe, made Berlin's club scene a premier nightlife venue.
Several professional clubs representing the most important spectator team sports hinein Germany are based rein Berlin. The oldest and most popular first-division team based in Berlin is the football club Hertha BSC.
A partial opening by the end of 2020 of the Humboldt Forum museum, housed in the reconstructed Berlin Palace, which had been announced hinein June, welches postponed until March 2021.
The outskirts of Berlin are covered with woodlands and numerous lakes. Berlin is rein northeastern Germany, rein an area of low-lying marshy woodlands with a mainly flat topography, part of the vast Northern European Plain which stretches all the way from northern France to western Russia. The Berliner Urstromtal (an ice age glacial valley), between the low Barnim Plateau to the north and the Teltow plateau to the south, was formed by meltwater flowing from ice sheets at the end of the belastung Weichselian glaciation.
After the Angelegenheit of the Berlin Wall in 1989, many historic buildings hinein Mitte, the former city center of East Berlin, were illegally occupied and Response-built by young squatters and became a fertile ground for underground and counterculture gatherings.[246] The central boroughs are home to many nightclubs, including the Watergate, Safe and Berghain. The KitKatClub and several other locations are known for their sexually uninhibited parties.
Hanukkah festival at the Brandenburg Gate Berlin has a long history of gay culture, and is an important birthplace of the LGBT rights movement. Same-sex bars and dance halls operated krimi freely as early as the 1880s, and the first gay magazine, Der Eigene, started in 1896.
The cuisine and culinary offerings of Berlin vary greatly. 23 restaurants in Berlin have been awarded one or more Michelin stars in the Michelin Guide of 2021, which ranks the city at the top for the number of restaurants having this distinction in Germany.
fleisch schnitzel salate tafelspitz rindfleisch kama bissara kuchen käse rechta biko steaks pasta brotzeit Restauranteigenschaften hinein Seeon-Seebruck
The coat of arms proposed hinein the state contract The legal Lager for a combined state of Berlin and Brandenburg is different from other state fusion proposals. Normally, Article 29 of the Beginners all purpose symbolic instruction code Law stipulates that a state fusion requires a federal law.